Thursday, August 27, 2020

Existentialism Is a Humanism Essay Example for Free

Existentialism Is a Humanism Essay Sartre is attempting to safeguard existentialism against some objection to it. The Communist condemned existentialism as an encouragement to individuals to check out sad world issues. Then again, Christians censured from the way that individuals preclude the need from claiming consideration in human issues. Individuals have the will to do anything they need and wish. With the model given, about disregarding the Ten Commandments, we can individuals prevent the incentive from claiming following the rules and will possibly tail it in the event that they wish. THE MEANING OF EXISTENTIALISM. As indicated by Sartre, existentialism is a rule that gives human life conceivable. It additionally establishes that each reality and activity we know includes both an ecological and a human subjectivity. The two kinds of existentialist are the Christians and Existential Atheists. What they share for all intents and purpose is that the two of them put stock in â€Å"existence precedes essence†, which implies that a human has no foreordained substance or nature. â€Å"Man is nothing else except for that which he makes of himself. † If a man can't characterize himself, at that point he will undoubtedly happen that he is nothing. The paper-blade model discussions about how a craftsman conceptualized an article, how he gave close consideration to it and realized what the motivation behind the item would be. The paper-blade is existentially not quite the same as human in light of the fact that for Existential Atheists, which Sartre is incorporated, man characterizes himself and not the maker that imagined him. Obligation A ramifications given in the talk is the way a being would have the option to presence would precede its embodiment regardless of whether God doesn't exist. Sartre referenced that there is no human instinct since we characterize ourselves and not by any power that lives inside us. By Sartre saying that â€Å"in deciding for himself, he decides for all men†, he implies that when people decide, it insists that estimation of which he had picked. The decisions we consider are consistently the better, and nothing can be better for us except if it is better for all. At the point when a human decides to accomplish something for himself, such as wedding and have youngsters, he is as yet making and contributing a picture for the entire the entire humankind. ANGUISH Existentialist honestly express that man is in anguish since he just chooses for himself, not understanding that the entire humankind is settling upon his shoulders. When we are in skirt of act, we ought to ask ourselves â€Å"What would occur if everybody did as such? † In asking this, we would have the option to completely rethink the activities or choices we’re going to do. In the account of Abraham and the daydreaming ladies, we are instructed on the best way to pose ourselves with that inquiry. It isn't sufficient to do a demonstration with simply hearing the order. We ought to demonstrate to ourselves that what we are going to follow would be sensible and just. Deserting Sartre said that if God didn't to exist, nothing would truly change. He accepted that we would in any case have a similar advancement that we have now. Be that as it may, for the existentialist, they would be humiliated on the grounds that it vanishes with God the chance of discovering esteems in a coherent paradise. For Dostoevksy, if God didn't exist, everything will be allowed. He said that human would be liberated from doing anything they wish. One will be always to be unable to clarify one’s activity since he doesn’t have anything to allude to. Then again, he suggests that if God doesn't exist there wouldn’t be qualities or orders that will legitimize our conduct. Existentialists put stock in the intensity of enthusiasm. They accept that man is answerable for his energy, not some drive that is covered up inside a man. The tale of the understudy instructs us that we should confide in our sense. With his situation, regardless of whether to join the Forces or to remain with him mother, he put together his choice with respect to what he felt. Since he had been living with his mom, the benefit of feeling to be consistently close by is created. Along these lines, he decided not to live his mom. Moreover, the Jesuit’s story discloses to us that through our choices and activity, we will undoubtedly pick our own way and bear the whole duty. Hopelessness According to Sartre, the meaning of sadness is that â€Å"we confine ourselves to a dependence whereupon is inside our will, or inside the entirety of the probabilities which render our activity doable. † I think the motivation behind why Sartre imagined that when Descartes stated, â€Å"Conquer yourself instead of the world,† what he implied was â€Å"we should act without hope† is on the grounds that the two explanations are stating that we ought to be in charge of ourselves. The Marxists accept that you can depend upon the assistance of others. That in any event, when you kick the bucket, other will at present proceed with what you did and help. While Sartre’s contention is that he can't completely confide in those individuals he doesn’t know. Indeed, he can depend his works and existence with his confidants and family, however not to outsiders. Does that imply that I should forsake myself to quietism? NO. What we ought to do is to submit ourselves at that point demonstration the dedication made. Sartre expressed that man is nothing else than what he proposes. Since he hasn’t discovered anything yet he looks for, he keeps on living until the day he discovered it. â€Å"You are nothing else except for what you live†, this implies â€Å"a man is no other than a progression of undertaking, that he is the aggregate, the association, the arrangement of relations that establish these endeavor. † Behaviors of the individuals are brought about by the activities occurring in their condition upon them. The suggestion given was the way a quitter turned into a weakling, and a legend turned into a saint. Being a defeatist is the demonstration of surrendering. How harshness of idealism here is seen on how a man can make himself a defeatist or legend, through his activity and thinking. At long last, what checks is that â€Å"the predetermination of man is put inside himself. † There wouldn’t be any expectation or changes except if he begins accomplishing something. SUBJECTIVITY What Sartre and Descartes both concur on is that reality should initially have an essential fact of the matter. If not, it will disintegrate into nothing. Sartre feels that the hypothesis alone is incongruent with the nobility of man in light of the fact that â€Å"it is the one in particular which doesn't make man into an article. † Their primary point of that view is to recognize the human realm as example of qualities to that of the material world. THE OTHER Sartre accepts that when we are attempting to think to find ourselves, we are to find everything from others. To perceive oneself is to be perceive by others. With â€Å"I can't acquire any reality at all about myself, aside from through the intercession of another†, Sartre is stating that we need other to look for reality that we are attempting to discover. That being an individual isn't sufficient to discover reality and personality. Between SUBJECTIVITY We ought to comprehend that â€Å"all the constraints which from the earlier characterize man’s central circumstance known to mankind. † The authentic circumstance of each man is unique in relation to what they encountered. Human condition is stating that from having opportunity, we are additionally qualified for assume full liability of it. I think it is conceivable to comprehend and esteem something pretty much all individuals on the grounds that there is still all inclusiveness, which imply that in some way or another we can even now comprehend things outside ourselves. Dishonesty One of the suggestions are â€Å"every man acknowledges himself in understanding a sort of humanity†, implying that if a man chooses to arrange himself, he would have the option to acknowledges himself. There is no contrast between free being and outright being. Deceiving yourself by saying that it doesn’t matter to you is a dishonesty. It isn't right to state that what you pick doesn’t matter to you. Individuals can generally pick, yet in not picking is as yet a decision. â€Å"†¦without reference to any pre-set up esteem, yet it is shameful to burden him with inclination. † I do concur what he is attempting to state here. Since he has no information on a pre-set up esteem, there is no unexpected change in his decision. At the point when Sartre that we make ourselves, what he implied is that through our activities and choices we are framing our personality. Opportunity In saying â€Å"You can't judge others†, it is valid in one sense and bogus in the other. At whatever point a man picks his choices and reason, it is presently difficult to pick another. It is valid as in we don't have faith in progress. The objective of opportunity is to pass judgment on the consistent worth and not a judgment of significant worth. They likewise look for the genuine significance of opportunity. By what method can the existentialists structure judgment? By saying that he deludes himself and by doing that you are having acceptable confidence. â€Å"One can pick anything, however just on the off chance that it is upon the plane of free responsibility. † With this, we can reason that choosing decisions including the responsibility of oneself. Creation OF VALUES His reaction is a similarity, â€Å"if I have prohibited God the Father, there must be someone to imagine esteems. † He differs on the sort of humanism that accepts man as an end. He says so in light of the fact that man is still to be resolved and ought to be considered as an end. What he implied by â€Å"Transcendence† is a man’s connection to his reality and that of the individuals around him. Since man needs to outperform what he has done, he is in the focal point of his greatness. A man can understand himself as genuinely human when he chooses for himself, consistently look for truth and past himself and having a point of some specific acknowledgment. End From his perspective, regardless of whether God didn't exist, it would have no effect. Since for existentialists the genuine issue is the means by which man will have the option to end up to so as to spare himself, by not giving full dependence of God’s presence. Existentialism is a precept of activity such that they restrict their own despondency with existentialists that Christians ca

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Individual interviewsversus group interviews Essay

Individual interviewsversus bunch interviews - Essay Example Singular meetings are likewise seen as a proper type of information assortment if a questioner needs to pose various follow up inquiries. During singular meetings, there is no critical time delay between when an inquiry is first presented by the questioner and when the interviewee answers it. Both the questioner and the interviewee can have the option to quickly respond to what the different happens to state. A key bit of leeway to his simultaneous correspondence is recognized similar to the way that the appropriate responses gave by the interviewee are seen as increasingly unconstrained without having any all-encompassing reflection (Harris, 2013). Gathering meeting or center gatherings would be regarded to be progressively fitting or be valuable when utilized notwithstanding singular meetings if the meeting needs to decide how the various competitors can communicate with one another in a gathering setting. The questioner may request that the meetings cooperate towards the goals of issues. This will give an open door whereby the questioner will have the option to watch and cautiously note how every individual performs. Gathering meeting are found be increasingly suitable if a questioner wishes to lessen the measure of time it takes to lead the meeting. Singular meetings will in general take a great deal of time however with bunch meets, various up-and-comers would all be able to be met at one go (Denscombe,

Friday, August 21, 2020

Blog Archive MBA News U.S. News World Report Announces Best Business Schools of 2015

Blog Archive MBA News U.S. News World Report Announces Best Business Schools of 2015 The “2015 Best Business Schools” ranking was released this week by U.S. News World Reportâ€"rating the nation’s top MBA programs. The number one spot among business schools is a surprising… three-way tie between Harvard Business School (HBS), the Stanford Graduate School of Business and the Wharton School, with the latter climbing from third place last year (2014). Chicago Booth also made some gains, shifting from sixth place to fourth, pushing MIT Sloan and Kelloggâ€"which tied for fourth last yearâ€"down to fifth and sixth place, respectively. The most dramatic change was reportedly seen by the University of Cincinnati’s Lindner College of Business, which jumped from 99th position to a three-way tie for 60th place. Look out HBS, Lindner is coming for you… 1. [tie] Harvard University 1. [tie] Stanford University 1. [tie] University of Pennsylvania (Wharton) 4. University of Chicago (Booth) 5. Massachusetts Institute of Technology (Sloan) 6. Northwestern University (Kellogg) 7. University of Californiaâ€"Berkeley (Haas) 8. Columbia University 9. Dartmouth College (Tuck) 10. New York University (Stern) 11. University of Michiganâ€"Ann Arbor (Ross) 11. University of Virginia (Darden) 13. Yale University 14. Duke University (Fuqua) 15. University of Texasâ€"Austin (McCombs) 16. University of Californiaâ€"Los Angeles (Anderson) 17. Cornell University (Johnson) 18. Carnegie Mellon University (Tepper) 19. University of North Carolinaâ€"Chapel Hill (Kenan-Flagler) 20. Emory University (Goizueta) Although such quantitative measurements carry an undeniable allure for applicants who are attempting to differentiate between programs, we emphasize that rankings are no substitute for a thorough understanding of what each school actually has to offer in the way of curricular strengths, student culture and overall fit. We encourage applicants to base their decision on more in-depth information about their target programs, such as can be found in our Insider’s Guides. Share ThisTweet News

Monday, May 25, 2020

Hsbc infrastructure company - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 2043 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Statistics Essay Did you like this example? HSBC Infrastructure Company The company in consideration is HSBC Infrastructure Company or HSBC Investments or known as HICL in the industry circuit. The company is a relatively new company in the sector and was launched on 29 March 2006. The company is basically dedicated to Private Finance initiative investments and is a part of FTSE 250 Index. It is headed by Mr. Graham Picken. It has a rare accomplishment of being the only infrastructure investment company to be listed on London Stock Exchange. Initially the company offered a portfolio of 15 infrastructure projects that had long term concessions based on source of revenues and availability based. The assets that the company holds are primarily operational with the portfolio comprising of 31 investments. The head-quarters of the company are in Guernsey, a British crown dependency located in the English Channel. To maintain and enhance the value of the company for the investors, the asset managers play a key role by actively participating in the management of projects. Regarding the value enhancement of the investment, it all depends on the performance of these projects and includes management of revenue opportunities, cost savings, financial efficiencies and treasury management. The group believes that it is practical to focus on every new investment opportunity with almost same revenue and risk associated comparable to the existing portfolio. Below, the chart shows the performance of the company in the stock market since i ts opening in March 2006. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Hsbc infrastructure company" essay for you Create order YIELD CURVE ANALYSIS A yield curve is a curve that represents a relationship between maturity of coupon bearing bonds and their yield to maturity. This means that it depicts the yields that are obtainable in relation to various bonds, bills or notes on their maturity. (Grandville, 2001) Generally, these curves are upward sloping as the investors who invest for short period have a safe investment against that of a long term investor who has to face a world full of uncertainties for quite a lot of time. Thus, they are offered risk premiums so as to persuade them to invest for long time. (Vanhorne Wackowicz, 2008) Depending upon the behavior of the market, the central banks and the attitude of the investors and their predictions, there are different shapes that can be taken by a yield curve. One of the most common type of yield curve is an upward sloping (or more generally called as positive curve) in which yield increases as the maturity of the bond increases. Apart from the most common one, other shapes that are prevalent occasionally are of three types. An inverted yield curve (or a downward sloping curve) is the one in which yield does not increase with the maturity time. Another type of yield curve is a humped yield curve which has ups and downs along the line as the maturity grows. And, in the end, there is a flat shaped yield curve. In this type of yield curve, all the maturities have the same yield irrespective of the time frame. A humped and a flat yield curve shows that the investors are uncertain of the market behavior. (Fabozzi, Mann Choudhry, 2003) The UK Yield curve that is under consideration has been dated on 12th December 2009. The UK curve exhibits all different types of yield curves. In the beginning, for a 1-month treasury note, the interest rate that is applicable is 0.47%. And, a 3-month treasury note has a interest rate of 0.47% while a 6-month note would give returns at the rate of 0.49%. As the trend can be seen, the curve gives almost the same return for a 1-month to 6-month treasury notes. This type of yield curve is a flat shaped yield curve. This shows that the investors are unsure of the economy in the near future and have very less expectations. Also, it indicates stable interest rates in the near future i.e. lending rate by the bank of England is not likely to increase in the near future and the economy is tightened by the government. The interest rate paid on a 2-year maturity bill is 1.23%, and on a 3-year maturity bill is 1.69%. While a 5-year bill has a return of 2.69% and a 10-year bond has a return of 3.88%. This period has seen a sharp rise in the predicted yields of an investment in the economy. It indicates that the investors would like to be paid an extra risk premium for blocking their money for such a long time. This is due to the level of uncertainty and increased chances of the investment being sunk. Investors anticipate a growth in the economy in this period as the country has just come out of recession and the government is taking all possible measures to get rid of this devil. Also, investors anticipate the inflation rates to increase rather than decrease. This is due to the fact that if the inflation rates increase, then the central bank has to squeeze the monetary policy by increasing the short term rate of interests. This is done so as to slower the economic growth of the nation and reduce the pressure of inflation over the market. Post this 10 year period, it can be seen that the interest rates have again come to a flat position or to be more precise a bit of inverted in the end. This can be due to the fact that the investors are not expecting any further increase in the inflation rates in the near future. So, if the expectations are of inflation levels being low in the future, then the investors would get a lower premium for their investments for a longer period. Another aspect of the same story can be the expectation of no increase in the interest rates by the central bank. Also, one of the more probabilistic chances are that UK being a developed nation, other countries might jump in to buy the treasury notes and bonds. In the past, Central banks of developing nations have jump in to buy the long term bonds of developed nations. This then leads to a flat yield as the demand in the market for the bonds is huge. Another concern being that the most hated word, recession, can again come into play as the economy is seen to be heading towards another situation where liquidation problem may arise and the interest rates are again seen going down or coming to a halt. PART-B: On study of HICL, 50 day moving average for past 3 years i.e. since its launching in the stock market, No. of signals generated = 14 No. of buy signals = 7 No. of sell signals = 7 Thus, ratio of positive returns/ total signals = 7/14 = 0.5 The ratio is exactly 0.5 i.e. the chances are even that the investment made by following the 50-day moving average method would yield a return. A moving average is a interesting tool used to depict the trend of the share prices in consideration. It is generally helpful in order to invest in a market where the share price of the stock is fluctuating. A moving average trend is the summation of closing price of the shares divided by the no. of days in consideration. In simple words, it is the average of the closing stock prices of the company in relation to the number of days. (Edwards, Magee and Bassetti, 2001) The fundamental rule to invest by following a 50 day moving average is to generate a buy signal, when the share prices line cuts the moving average curve from below. While, a sell signal is generated when the share prices of the concerned company cuts the moving average from above. Moving averages are helpful when the trading conditions for the shares are favorable, i.e. smooth trends, but mostly they attract the investors to make losses by investing through study of a moving average trend. (Stewart, 1996) One of the main problems with the moving average method is that it can be unpredictable at times. It reacts to any piece of information twice i.e. once, when any new information is added to draw the curve ahead and secondly, when the last information is dropped off from the moving average curve. This means, that if the last information is a high price, then the moving average would move down. While, in case, if the last price is a low price, then the moving average is likely to move up, irrespective of the share price of the new day that has been added to draw the moving average curve. Another drawback of the method is that they tend to delay the attitude of the market. This is the price that the investors in the market are ready to pay due to the smoothening effect of the curve. The primary application of the moving curve is to provide the user (investor in this case) a visual aid to show the trend of the market. Another important aspect of this process is when the share price in the market tends to fall below the curve of moving average. This signal is important and should not be ignored especially when dealing with the long term calculation of the share prices. One of the main risks associated with this technique is that the investors tend to be whipsawed i.e. suppose, when the market falls below the moving average and a sell signal is created. But, then immediately or within a short frame of time, the share price tends to rise up again and thus generating a buy signal. By this case, the conclusion must be clear that this is a not so reliable method to invest i n the market. (Dagnino, 2001) This process of being whipsawed has been commonly prevalent in our case i.e. HSBC infrastructure company. This has happened 4 times i.e. when the share line crosses the moving average line from top, a sell signal was created but then all of a sudden or within a really short time frame, a buy signal was created. This further confuses the investors as the sell and buy signals are created back to back. One of the primary drawbacks of the moving average method is that it essentially tends to miss out the turning points i.e. when an important event has occurred due to which the share price of the share tend to fall immediately like fraud being visible, change in management, new project announcement or some other key information. Then, this method tends to immediately react to all this informations as the data in consideration is of 50 days and it takes a couple of days to react to this information. Or, if by chance, there is a bad news for the company and the market sees a sudden fall in the prices of shares, then the curve takes some time to react to this piece of information. A moving average trend method comes with certain drawbacks and its advantages. The method is very easy to calculate and too simple to understand. It does not require any special understanding of higher order mathematics or any special financial theory. But, one of the main drawbacks is that the method is not reliable as it uses the previous data available in the market. This method cannot be used to indicate the crests and troughs of the stock price in consideration. Since, the method deals with historically available data, so it can better are termed as a trend following indicator rather than trend indicator which it is supposed to be. Another factor in consideration should be the market behavior, i.e. if the market or a particular stock is behaving in a particular trend then this method might be of some use. But, if in case the market is moving without any particular trend, then this method can turn out to is a big failure leading to the collapse of investors portfolio or his inve stment. ANNEXURES: Grandville, O, Bond pricing and portfolio analysis: protecting investors in long run, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001 Vanhorne, J, Wachowicz, J, Fundamentals of financial management, Pearson education limited, 2008 Fabozzi, F, Mann, S, Choudhry, M; Measuring and controlling interest rates and credit risk, John Wiley and sons, 2003 Edwards, R D, Magee, J, Bassetti, W, Technical analysis of stock trends, CRC press, 2001 Stewart,T ,How charts can make you money: technical analysis for investors, Woodhead publishing, 1996 Dagnino, G,Profiting in bull or bear markets, McGraw hill, 2001

Thursday, May 14, 2020

Economics of Public Policy - 1186 Words

Daniel R. Lupu ECN 4010 2/18/2012 Economics of Public Policy Test 1 2. In thinking about a market economy and a regulated or planned economy, discuss the difference between â€Å"end-independent† rules or laws in society versus â€Å"end-dependent† rules or laws in society. In what ways would â€Å"end-dependent† rules or laws limit the use of knowledge by people in society, and how does â€Å"end-independent† rules or laws provide opportunity for people to use their different types of knowledge in society? (The distinction between â€Å"end-independent† and â€Å"end-dependent† rules or laws were discussed in class and in the article on, â€Å"Free Markets, the Rule of Law, and Classical Liberalism.†) The difference between â€Å"end-independent† laws and†¦show more content†¦(Don’t be afraid to use supply and demand diagrams in your explain and examples.) Usury Laws can lead to a black market in money lending. These regulations set by the government are intended to â€Å"protect† the citizens from â€Å"greedy† lenders by setting a maximum rate of interest, above which it is illegal to lend money. Lenders charge higher rates of interest to compensate for the amount of risk that can be associated with the transaction, risk being the likely hood of not getting paid in full. Once a usury law is put in effect there becomes a maximum rate at which the lender can lend money. With this maximum rate of interest some potential borrowers will be assumed too risky because it is not legal to charge the rate of interest to compensate the risk associated with lending. This leads to a smaller amount of money available to borrow from legitimate lenders, so often a borrower will turn to a black market lender who will illegally lend them money at a higher rate of interest. Often times the black market lender will use forms of persuasion s uch as bodily harm to the borrower and their family to ensure repayment. This clearly is more dangerous than high interest rates. Below is a supply and demand curve that demonstrates the government interest rate and the black market correlation. 5. Many people are disturbed by the idea of a market for vital body organs such as kidneys. Explain why you think these people findShow MoreRelatedTerm Economics On Public Policy1039 Words   |  5 PagesAssignment #2 Lent Term EC230-Economics in Public Policy Question #1: Imagine you are asked to write a press briefing note six years ago on behalf of Del Monte, Inc and the Government of Ecuador, summarizing in about 200 words the case against the EU s tariff on non†ACP bananas. It is still February 2009. On behalf of Del Monte, Inc. and the Government of Ecuador, we want to reiterate our concern regarding the current European Union Tariff Regime on non-ACP bananas. 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Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Causes And Consequences Of Malnutrition And Starvation Essay

In our society, there are many problems such as food price increases, less water available for food growth, desertification, malnutrition, starvation, climate change effects, and chemicals in the food. Many people think that the government has a solution for solving these social problems. There are many people out there that do not ignore these kinds of problems. They step up on their own to solve and make new changes for the sake of the society. Malnutrition and starvation are among the most important because there are so many people in this world that live without these basic needs; people go hungry and without food for days or weeks. Malnutrition and starvation are happening everywhere in this human society and in the animal world. Society should do more to increase food production, distribute food supplies, and plan for future stresses on the environment due to global warming. Malnutrition and starvation are both harmful and cause pain in the body. Both of these have a negative impact on the health. Malnutrition is where the body has a lack of proper nutrition caused by not consuming enough food or eating the wrong food. Starvation is when the body is not able to have access to the appropriate amount of food and nutrition to keep the body functioning. When you go hungry for days or weeks it can also damage the organs in your body and you will have to endure the pain, eventually, hunger can lead to death. Hunger happens among poor people in less developing countries suchShow MoreRelated Anorexia Nervosa Essay examples657 Words   |  3 Pagesusually lack self-esteem and feel they can gain admiration and attention by losing weight and becoming thin. There is no single cause of anorexia nervosa, because it’s a complex disorder with multiple causes that may be different for every person. From what is know it seems that this is a disorder of many causes that come together to produce the illness. 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Studies show one in every two older people are at risk for malnutrition. (Drewnowski Evans, 2001) Findings also show that hunger among the elderly is an enormous, far-reaching problem found in places across the globe, but the United States seems to be an unlikely place to find starvation where food is plentiful. Consequently, because of ineffectiveRead MoreThe Atomic Bomb On Japan1625 Words   |  7 Pages000 citizens dead, and around 12,000 Americans dead. In addition, about 36,000 Americans were wounded (Wukovitz). Okinawa was an island hundreds of miles from the Japanese mainland. If so many were killed and wounded on Okinawa, what would be the consequences of an invasion of the Japanese mainland? It is almost certain that a land invasion would bring about the deaths of many American soldiers. Critics of President Truman’s decision say that the United States knew they were going to win the war by

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Advantages Of IT In Courier Business Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Advantages Of IT In Courier Business. Answer: Introduction In the present age, the impact of information and technology is vividly visible in various business operations. The IT shapes the business operations in much simpler and enhanced manner thus raising the demand for incorporation of IT in business management. In the recent times, the advent of IT in the courier companies is witnessed. Incorporation of IT in supply logistics have greatly gave the courier business a new form resulting in the much organized package deliveries and sorting as well as maintaining a healthy communication with the sender and the receiver. This report mainly highlights the advantages of IT in courier business. Role of IT in courier companies: Enhanced sorting practices Incorporation of IT in the courier industry has greatly improved the sorting process of the packages and the deliverables. Rather than the traditional methods of sorting the letters advent of technology have given rise to the semi-automatic as well as fully automatic process for the sorting of packages. This automatic sorting process have minimized human labor, improved the sorting speed and also made the system less erroneous resulting in much optimized delivery system. The manual process of package handling and sorting is replaced by barcode technology. Each of the packages is assigned with a unique security code which helps in the identification of the shipment with the help of the scanning system (Hasnan, Noordin Osman, 2014). In the present date, the barcode technology is further evolved to resulting in the much efficient automatic labeling and sorting process. The courier companies are also incorporating the RFID technology for the sorting process. Although this technology is much costlier but it provides with several advantages compared to the age long barcode technology. RFID allows the reading of the codes from distance, which in turn enhances the security and reduces the chance of human error (Xu, 2014). Delivery process and transportation The delivery process is also optimized with the incorporation of IT by the courier companies. Software related to the delivery management is utilized by number of courier companies. Utilization of such specialized software and the courier tracking software has made the delivery process much simpler and efficient at the same time. The GPS tracking system have enabled the sender and the receiver to monitor their shipments in regular basis (Lin et al. 2014). Certain innovative transportation technologies are also in progress. Innovative vehicles such as drones, electric vehicles will be utilized for transportation of the shipment in the near future. Famous courier companies such as DHL and FedEx have already adapted this innovative transportation technology (Gruber, Kihm Lenz, 2014). Conclusion In conclusion, it can be seen that the IT have greatly brought improvement in the various operations of the courier industry. Incorporation of the technology has optimized the sorting as well as delivery process of the shipments. It can be seen that the GPS based tracking applications has enabled much accurate tracking of the goods by the customers. Other than this, the technology based sorting system has made the overall shipment process much efficient. References Gruber, J., Kihm, A., Lenz, B. (2014). A new vehicle for urban freight? An ex-ante evaluation of electric cargo bikes in courier services.Research in Transportation Business Management,11, 53-62. Hasnan, N., Noordin, A., Osman, N. H. (2014). Six main innovation issues: A case of service innovation of postal and courier services in Malaysia.Journal of Technology Management and Business,1(1). Lin, C., Choy, K. L., Ho, G. T., Lam, H. Y., Pang, G. K., Chin, K. S. (2014). A decision support system for optimizing dynamic courier routing operations.Expert Systems with Applications,41(15), 6917-6933. Xu, X. (2014). IOT Technology Research in E-commerce.Information Technology Journal,13(16), 2552-2559.